Organic gardening (horticulture) is the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants by following the essential principles of organic agriculture in soil building and conservation, pest management, and heritage-species preservation (often overlooked).
The Latin words hortus (garden plant) and cultura (culture) together form horticulture, classically defined as the culture or growing of garden plants. Horticulture is also sometimes defined simply as “agriculture minus the plough.” Instead of the plough, horticulture makes use of human labour and the gardener’s cultivation tools.
Mulches, cover crops, compost, manures, and ground-rock mineral supplements are soil-building mainstays. Through care and good soil condition, it is hoped that insect, fungal,or other problems that sometimes plague plants can be avoided. However, pheromone traps, insecticidal soap sprays, and other pest-control methods available to organic farmers are also sometimes used by organic gardeners.
Organic gardening is based upon the knowledge and techniques gathered over thousands of years. In general terms, organic gardening involves natural processes, often taking place over extended periods of time, combined with an holistic approach - while chemical-based horticulture focuses on immediate, isolated effects and reductionist strategies.
And I know which I prefer.
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